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With reference to 'Bose-Einstein Condensates', consider the following statements:
1. It is a cloud of protons, neutrons, and electrons where all the electrons have come loose from their respective molecules and atoms.
2. It is the fifth state of matter.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
• Statement 1 is incorrect. A BEC (Bose Einstein Condensate) is a liquid-like state of matter that occurs at very low temperatures.
• A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a dilute gas of bosonic atoms whose temperature is so low that their wavelength becomes comparable to the distance between one atom and the next. In these circumstances the atoms all occupy the same quantum state and act in unison as a superfluid – so bringing otherwise microscopic wavelike properties into the macroscopic realm.
• Statement 2 is correct. The Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is known as the fifth state of matter. There are four state of matter namely solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
• Statement 1 is incorrect. A BEC (Bose Einstein Condensate) is a liquid-like state of matter that occurs at very low temperatures.
• A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a dilute gas of bosonic atoms whose temperature is so low that their wavelength becomes comparable to the distance between one atom and the next. In these circumstances the atoms all occupy the same quantum state and act in unison as a superfluid – so bringing otherwise microscopic wavelike properties into the macroscopic realm.
• Statement 2 is correct. The Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is known as the fifth state of matter. There are four state of matter namely solid, liquid, gas, and plasma.
With reference to the development of science and technology, 'Turing Test' is related to
A Turing Test is a method of inquiry in artificial intelligence (AI) for determining whether or not a computer is capable of thinking like a human being. The test is named after Alan Turing, the founder of the Turning Test and an English computer scientist, cryptanalyst, mathematician and theoretical biologist.
A Turing Test is a method of inquiry in artificial intelligence (AI) for determining whether or not a computer is capable of thinking like a human being. The test is named after Alan Turing, the founder of the Turning Test and an English computer scientist, cryptanalyst, mathematician and theoretical biologist.
Consider the following statements:
1. Innate immunity represents the earliest development of protection against antigens.
2. Passive immunity does not provide immediate and long-lasting protection against an antigen.
3. While sweat on our skin and tears in our eyes are examples of innate immunity, breast milk is an example of Passive immunity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Right Answer: B
• Statement 2 is incorrect. Passive immunity provides immediate protection against an antigen, but does not provide long-lasting protection.
• Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The network of tissues, cells, and organs first tries to keep out germs like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and then deals with them if they manage to get in. If it senses something in our body that could be bad for us, it triggers the release of special cells. These travel to where the trouble is, attack the intruder, and help get rid of it. This is called active immunity or Innate immunity.
• Examples of innate immunity include:
1. Cough reflex.
2. Enzymes in tears and skin oils.
3. Mucus, which traps bacteria and small particles.
4. Skin.
5. Stomach acid
• Passive immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.
• Passive immunity can occur naturally, such as when an infant receives a mother's antibodies through the placenta or breast milk, or artificially, such as when a person receives antibodies in the form of an injection (gamma globulin injection).
Right Answer: B
• Statement 2 is incorrect. Passive immunity provides immediate protection against an antigen, but does not provide long-lasting protection.
• Statements 1 and 3 are correct. The network of tissues, cells, and organs first tries to keep out germs like bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites and then deals with them if they manage to get in. If it senses something in our body that could be bad for us, it triggers the release of special cells. These travel to where the trouble is, attack the intruder, and help get rid of it. This is called active immunity or Innate immunity.
• Examples of innate immunity include:
1. Cough reflex.
2. Enzymes in tears and skin oils.
3. Mucus, which traps bacteria and small particles.
4. Skin.
5. Stomach acid
• Passive immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.
• Passive immunity can occur naturally, such as when an infant receives a mother's antibodies through the placenta or breast milk, or artificially, such as when a person receives antibodies in the form of an injection (gamma globulin injection).
Which of the following are used as common disinfectants?
1. Calcium hypochlorite
2. Hydrogen peroxide
3. Sodium Hypochlorite
4. Ozone
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
• Sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, Hydrogen peroxide, ozone, UV, solar disinfection, Methyl alcohol (methanol), Ethyl alcohol - all are examples of disinfectants.
• Disinfection is the destruction of pathogenic and other kinds of microorganisms by physical or chemical means.
• Disinfectants are chemical substances used to destroy viruses and microbes (germs), such as bacteria and fungi, as opposed to an antiseptic which can prevent the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms, but does not destroy them.
• The ideal disinfectant would offer complete sterilization, without harming other forms of life, be inexpensive, and non-corrosive.
• Many disinfectants are only able to partially sterilize. The most resistant pathogens are bacteria spores but some viruses and bacteria are also highly resistant to many disinfectants.
• Sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, Hydrogen peroxide, ozone, UV, solar disinfection, Methyl alcohol (methanol), Ethyl alcohol - all are examples of disinfectants.
• Disinfection is the destruction of pathogenic and other kinds of microorganisms by physical or chemical means.
• Disinfectants are chemical substances used to destroy viruses and microbes (germs), such as bacteria and fungi, as opposed to an antiseptic which can prevent the growth and reproduction of various microorganisms, but does not destroy them.
• The ideal disinfectant would offer complete sterilization, without harming other forms of life, be inexpensive, and non-corrosive.
• Many disinfectants are only able to partially sterilize. The most resistant pathogens are bacteria spores but some viruses and bacteria are also highly resistant to many disinfectants.
A person after drinking Ethanol, loses balance, and is unable to walk straight. Which of the following portions of the brain is affected which impairs this movement and coordination?
• The cerebellum is the portionof the brain which is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements. It is also responsible for several functions including motor skills such as balance, coordination, and posture.
• The Latin word 'cerebellum' means “little brain”. The cerebellum is the largest structure of the hindbrain and can be found in the back portion of the skull below the temporal and occipital lobes and behind the brainstem.
There are several key functions of the cerebellum, including:
1. Balance and posture
2. Mental function
3. Movement
4. Motor learning
5. Vision
• The cerebellum is the portionof the brain which is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements. It is also responsible for several functions including motor skills such as balance, coordination, and posture.
• The Latin word 'cerebellum' means “little brain”. The cerebellum is the largest structure of the hindbrain and can be found in the back portion of the skull below the temporal and occipital lobes and behind the brainstem.
There are several key functions of the cerebellum, including:
1. Balance and posture
2. Mental function
3. Movement
4. Motor learning
5. Vision